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Heat pumps, kitchens and air conditioning: planning your home’s electrical capacity

Adding equipment changes a home’s electrical demand. Before increasing contracted capacity, consider what will run together and what the installation can support.

Red Málaga Instalaciones3 min read

A renovation may bring together a heat pump, induction hob, oven and several air-conditioning units in a home that previously had fewer electrical appliances. Adding up the largest numbers in their brochures does not, by itself, establish a suitable contracted capacity. You need to distinguish each unit's electricity demand, its operating conditions and the uses that will coincide in the property.

Three terms worth separating

Electrical power is expressed in kW and describes demand at a given moment; energy consumed over time is expressed in kWh. The CNMC guide to contracted capacity explains why appliances operating simultaneously matter. Contracted capacity is a further decision: it sets the agreed capacity for the supply, within the limits of the installation.

A heat pump also advertises a thermal output: the heat it delivers. This is not the same figure as its electrical demand. Vaillant explains the distinction when describing heat-pump performance. The electrical assessment must use data for the specific system and its auxiliary components; a catalogue efficiency figure is not a fixed conversion factor for every operating situation.

List the equipment and typical operating scenarios

Collect the model references for the outdoor unit, indoor module, any electrical backup heaters and the main appliances. Include existing equipment that will remain. The professional will check the supplies and characteristics required by each manufacturer. If models have not yet been chosen, the allowance should be clearly marked as provisional.

Then describe two or three realistic situations: a winter morning with showers and breakfast preparation; a summer evening with several occupied rooms; or an empty property maintaining selected services. Explain which tasks could run at different times and which must operate together. This discussion is about convenience and daily life as well as technical capacity.

Use current data without making assumptions about future demand

If you already live in the property, check the maximum demand information on your electricity bill or in your distribution company's customer area. It helps establish a starting point. However, a historical maximum from an empty home, a property without electrical heating or a smaller household does not represent conditions after renovation.

Provide representative periods and explain the planned changes. A family moving from occasional visits to full-time residence can have different needs even when the floor area stays the same. You need not share an entire bill for an initial conversation: hide banking and personal details that are unnecessary while retaining the figures and periods being assessed.

Check the installation before changing the contract

Increasing contracted capacity does not correct an undersized circuit or unsuitable protective device. The installer must assess the consumer unit, equipment supply circuits and available records as well as the supply capacity. Red Málaga's electrical installation work is coordinated with the other systems so that these connections can be defined before construction.

The assessment should also establish whether the selected models require a single-phase or three-phase supply. This cannot be determined solely from the floor area or advertised thermal output. Any necessary alterations, checks and documentation should be included in the professional proposal. Do not replace protective devices or alter connections to prevent a supply interruption.

What should be settled before finalising the project?

  • Selected equipment and electrical backup components, identified by model.
  • Simultaneous operating scenarios agreed with the user.
  • Supplies, circuits and alterations defined by the installer.
  • Scheduling or demand-management functions that are actually compatible.
  • Proposed supply capacity and any outstanding checks.

Scheduling may help distribute some uses over time, provided that necessary services are retained and the equipment supports it. It should not disable protective functions or manufacturer-required processes. Connect these decisions with room-by-room electrical planning and the heat-pump assessment. The quotation can then describe a complete installation rather than treating the machine and the electricity contract as unrelated choices.

Sources and technical reading

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